MathJax
\[\begin{align*}
& \phi(x,y) = \phi \left(\sum_{i=1}^n x_ie_i, \sum_{j=1}^n y_je_j \right)
= \sum_{i=1}^n \sum_{j=1}^n x_i y_j \phi(e_i, e_j) = \\
& (x_1, \ldots, x_n) \left( \begin{array}{ccc}
\phi(e_1, e_1) & \cdots & \phi(e_1, e_n) \\
\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\
\phi(e_n, e_1) & \cdots & \phi(e_n, e_n)
\end{array} \right)
\left( \begin{array}{c}
y_1 \\
\vdots \\
y_n
\end{array} \right)
\end{align*}\]
Unit Circle
Distance between the point on circle and tangent line to x-intercept
\[\begin{align*}
Tangent & = \sqrt { \left( {1 \over a} - a \right)^2 + \left( 0 - b \right)^2 } \\
& = \sqrt { \left( {1 \over a^2 } - {2a \over a} +a^2 \right) + b^2} \\
& = \sqrt { {1 \over a^2} - 2 + (a^2 + b^2 ) } \\
& = \sqrt { {1 \over a^2} - 2 + 1} \\
& = \sqrt { {1 \over a^2} - 1} \\
& = \sqrt { (1 - a^2) \over a^2 } \\
& =\sqrt { b^2 \over a^2 } \\
& = { b \over a }
\end{align*}\]